A public field can be accessed directly using dot notation. Forexample, in the above code example it would be possible to directlyaccess the speed field without using the getSpeedor setSpeed methods if it were declared public. For example, the following example would be allowed:
Singlespeed bikes are popular among commuters living in flat areas, because they require little maintenance. They're also used by some racers (hill climbers for example) who want to drop weight and cut down on any extra complication coming from the shifting process - in this case, choosing the correct gear ratio is crucial. Finally, track bikes only ever have one gear - though again riders will change their set up to suit certain events.
Speed Gear V7 2 Registration Code
\n\n \n What are gears on a bike?\nGears are one of those lovely inventions that allow us to ride faster, get up hills more easily and get a lot more enjoyment out of our riding.\nGears convert the effort you put in at the pedals to a certain output at your wheel. There\u2019s only so much force your muscles can produce and usually an optimum cadence (how fast you spin your pedals) at which you\u2019ll be most efficient.\nChanging your gears based on the terrain and conditions to stay broadly in that band lets you move forward more efficiently.\nThere are a few different systems that bikes use to change gears, though by far the most common is the external drivetrain.\nBicycle external drivetrains explained\n\n An external drivetrain with a front and rear derailleur. Oli Woodman \/ Immediate Media\nThe majority of bikes on the market today have external drivetrains, which have been refined into simple, lightweight and efficient systems.\nGears are changed on the cassette (a set of sprockets on the rear wheel) by the rear derailleur. This shifts the chain up or down the cassette. As the derailleur moves to change gear it forces the chain against ramps or steps, moving it onto a bigger or smaller sprocket.\nThe bike may also have a front derailleur, which shifts the chain between chainrings attached to the cranks.\nThe gears at the front provide large jumps, which effectively change the range of your gears, so that they are more suited to high speed, flat terrain or low-speed climbing. The cassette allows you to select your gear more precisely within that range as you modulate your effort.\nYou will usually find between one and three chainrings (single, double or triple chainset) and up to 11 sprockets (12 exist too in the form of SRAM Eagle and Campagnolo Record, and even 13 with Rotor) on the back wheel. That gives you a huge range of gears to choose from.\nWhat is a hub gear on a bike?\n\n A Shimano Alfine 11-speed hub with Gates Carbon Drive belt. Jonny Ashelford\nHub gears are a popular option for commuters and those who want a robust and relatively maintenance-free drivetrain.\nWith service intervals ranging between 3,000 to 5,000km, internal hub gears are great for the less maintenance-inclined.\nThere\u2019s also no doubt that derailleurs are relatively exposed and susceptible to damage. Having everything nicely packaged away inside your rear wheel lets you breathe that little bit easier, especially during winter, when keeping gears protected from the elements doesn\u2019t hurt.\nThere are lots of hub gear options available, but the most common are from Shimano, SRAM, Sturmey Archer and well-known manufacturer Rohloff.\nWith systems ranging from three to 14 gears, there\u2019s a wide range of options for whatever terrain you find yourself on.\nHowever, the main drawback is weight. You\u2019re riding around with a small gearbox inside your hub and that in turn contains a lot of metal parts that add substantial heft.\nChanging a puncture can also be harder with a hub gear.\nDo bikes have a gearbox? What is a gearbox bike?\n\n Pinion gearboxes have found a niche mainly on mountain bikes. Mick kirkman \/ Immediate Media\nPart of the problem of a hub gear is that it adds weight at one end of the bike, which can lead to unbalanced handling.\nInstead, a gearbox is integrated directly into the frame, with the weight positioned centrally on the bike. The cranks drive the gears directly and the output is converted in the gearbox and then transmitted to the back wheel via a chain.\nGearbox mountain bikes: mad science or the way forward?\nOne of the most exciting development in recent times is the Pinion gearbox. However, in general, gearboxes remain a niche in the bike world.\n\n A Gates Carbon Drive belt requires less maintenance than a traditional chain. ASDesign.uk.com\nBoth gearboxes and hub gears can also be used with belt drives. This requires even less maintenance than a chain because there are no links to lube, meaning they are also much cleaner than an oily chain.\nChain or belt drive: which is faster?\nHowever, only certain frames are compatible with a belt drive. Because the belt is a continuous loop, the frame requires removable dropouts or a chainstay splitter that lets you thread the belt into the rear triangle.\nWhat is an electronic drivetrain on a bike?\nThe majority of gears on bikes today are actuated by metal cables \u2013 bowden cables to use their proper name.\nHowever electronic drivetrains have been on the market for some time now, and are only likely to become more widespread as time goes on.\nInstead of cables, the gear is shifted by an electronically controlled motor. The primary benefit is consistency. While cables can develop slop and stretch over time, an electronic drivetrain will maintain accurate shifting in all conditions.\nOf course, the drawbacks are that batteries need to be charged (though not on a particularly regular basis) and, currently, the expense.\nThe most common systems are from Shimano, in the form of its Di2 shifting, and SRAM, which offers wireless eTap shifting. Even Rohloff now offers electronic shifting for its 14-speed hub gear.\nHydraulic shifting from Rotor also exists on the fringes.\nWhat is a singlespeed\/fixed\/fixie bike?\n\n Fixies cannot freewheel. Jack Luke \/ Immediate Media\nOf course, you always have the option of just one gear, and that\u2019s how bikes started out.\nSinglespeed bikes use a single cog that can freewheel and allows the rear wheel to rotate without the pedals moving.\nFixies are even more rudimentary, with the rear cog \u2018fixed\u2019 in place, meaning if the bike is moving, the drivetrain moves, so you always have to pedal.\nThe main benefit is simplicity, with low maintenance requirements and low cost. Although there\u2019s no doubt that singlespeeds have also become a bit of a fashion statement in many cases.\nEverything you think about singlespeed is wrong\n5 ways riding a fixie will make you a better cyclist\nThe key is to choose a gear ratio that is easy enough to get up the steepest hill you\u2019re likely to encounter while being hard enough to avoid spinning out when things get faster.\nHow do I use the gears on my bike?\nThere\u2019s no use having all these gears if you can\u2019t change them. There are a number of different designs of shifter on the market, which may be operated in slightly different ways, but they\u2019re all fairly intuitive once you get to know them.\nShifters for the front and for the rear will be separate, located on the left and right side of your bars respectively.\nHow to use flat bar\/mountain bike shifters\nFlat bars are common on hybrid\/commuting bikes, as well as mountain bikes. There are a few different shifter designs available.\nHow to use a trigger shifter\n\n Trigger shifters on a Specialized Sirrus commuter bike. Oli Woodman \/ Immediate Media\nNowadays, the trigger shifter is the most wide-spread design. It has two levers under the bars, which can be actuated with your thumbs or fingers: one to shift up and one to shift down.\nDepending on the design, you may be able to change multiple gears at once or not. Shimano also has some designs that integrate shifter and brake lever into one unit.\nHow to use a grip shifter\n\n A grip shift shifter for a Pinion gearbox Jack Luke \/ Immediate Media\nWith a trigger shifter, you can usually only change one gear at a time, but with a grip shift, it\u2019s possible to move through multiple gears very quickly.\nThe shifter integrates with the grip on your bars, and you change gears up or down by twisting the shifter \u2013 similar to the throttle on a motorbike.\nHow to use a thumb shifter\n\n An old-school thumb shifter. Daniel Oines \/ Flickr Creative Commons\nThough a little more old-school, thumb shifters still pop up from time to time.\nA lever on top of your bars can be moved clockwise or anti-clockwise to move through your gears.\nModern gears are indexed, meaning that a click on the gear shifter corresponds directly to a gear change.\nIn the past, shifters did not have this defined click and instead, the shifter was held in place by friction and moved continuously until the gear changed. In some rare cases, you may still encounter such thumb shifters.\nHow to use road bike shifters\n\n We\u2019ve put together a separate guide on how to use road shifters. Matthew Loveridge \/ Immediate Media\nYou\u2019ll find drop bars on more dedicated road bikes aimed at speed rather than all-out comfort. Again, there are a few different designs available.\nWe\u2019ve covered how to use the gears on a road bike in a separate standalone guide.\nHow do the gears on my bike work?\nGear inches\nYour gears convert your input at the cranks into an output at the back wheel. Your cadence (how quickly you are pedalling) is converted into different speeds at your back wheel depending on whether you are in a high or low gear.\nYour gear development \u2013 how far your bike moves with each pedal stroke \u2013 is typically described in gear inches i.e. how many inches your bike will roll forward with each full rotation of your cranks.\nThere are a range of online calculators that calculate this based on your wheel size, tyre size and chainring\/sprocket sizes.\nGear inches can give you a good idea of how hard or easy the gears are, with ranges around 20 inches being easy, 70 inches being medium and above 100 inches getting quite hard.\nGear range\nGear range is often specified as a percentage that describes the overall range offered by the system. That means that a 300 per cent range would offer a 3:1 ratio. Pedalling in the highest gear would move you three times as far forward per pedal stroke as in the lowest gear.\nFor external drivetrains, the gear range can be calculated by taking the ratio of the largest and smallest chainring teeth at the chainset multiplied by the ratio of the largest and smallest sprocket on the cassette.\n\n An 11-28 cassette would have an 11-tooth small cog and a 28-tooth cog for its largest. Aoife Glass \/ Immediate Media co\nThe cassette specs will typically be identified by the smallest and largest sprocket. Thus a 11-28t cassette would denote a cassette with a smallest 11-tooth and largest 28-tooth sprocket.\nCranks come in a number of forms for road bikes, including standard, compact, super compact and triple.\n\n A triple crankset has three chainrings. Jack Luke \/ Immediate Media\nA triple has three chainrings. While this was once the most widely used type of crankset, now it is found mainly on touring bikes or for hilly terrain where you require a very wide range of gears.\nMuch more usual nowadays are two chainrings. These will come either on a standard or compact crankset, generally with 53-39t or 50-34t respectively. The standard is more suited to high speeds with the larger chainrings\nThe compact provides a larger range and slightly easier gearing that is well suited for most riders for riding both at speed and climbing steep inclines.\nOn occasion, you may also find a super-compact chainset, which uses even lower ratios than the compact chainset, making the bike more suited to climbing.\n\n 1x gearing is increasingly common on both mountain and gravel bikes. Dan Milner\/MBUK\nMountain bike chainsets tend to use even smaller chainrings to deal with steep and off-road terrain. It\u2019s also now the norm to see most mountain bikes and many gravel bikes equipped with a single chainring up front.\nThis is usually paired with a wide range cassette at the rear. This arrangement is referred to as a 1x (one by) setup.\nTo figure out the number of gears you have, simply multiply the number of chainrings at the front by the number of cogs on your cassette at the back.\nHowever, the number of gears can be a bit of a misnomer because similar gears may be duplicated depending on which chainring\/sprocket combination you are using. Likewise, it may be inadvisable to use certain gear combinations because they can put the chain at an extreme angle.\nFor gear hubs and gearboxes, manufacturers will typically specify the range. For example, a 14-speed Rohloff hub has a 526 per cent range, while a Pinion P1.12 gearbox has a massive 600 per cent range.\nWhat gear should I be in?\nGears are all about being efficient.\nImagine trying to pedal up a steep hill in a high gear. You would have to push incredibly hard on the pedals and grind your way up the hill.\nInstead, in a lower gear your force input at the pedals is lower, but as a result you can spin faster.\nYour energy input in each case is roughly the same. The work done is equal to the force times the distance \u2013 so if you halve the force input required, you\u2019ll be pedalling twice as fast.\nHowever, there\u2019s a limit to how much force your legs can generate (and your knees can take), so there comes a point where it\u2019s preferable to shift gears to reduce the required force input and increase your cadence.\nThe part about knee injury really is a key one. It\u2019s much nicer on your body to have to push relatively lightly (but more quickly) rather than having to grind your way along.\n6 way to pedal like a pro cyclist\nConversely, there also comes a point where spinning any faster becomes inefficient and can even unbalance you. It makes sense to shift into a higher gear again in order to reduce your cadence.\nYou\u2019ll quickly get a feel for what works for you, but the key is to strike a balance between having to push too hard or spinning far too quickly, allowing you to pedal smoothly. The ideal cadence will be very personal but is often considered to be in the 70 to 100rpm range.\nWhen should I shift my gears?\n\n Anticipation is the key to effective use of your gears. Dan Milner \/ BikeRadar\nThe key thing with shifting gears is anticipation. Look ahead and try to predict how your speed will change and how you are likely to need to change gears.\nAs you come to a tight corner, anticipate that you will need to slow down and shift into a lower gear so you can accelerate out of the corner more easily.\nIf you\u2019re riding up a hill or into the wind your perceived effort will increase, so it makes sense to shift to a lower gear to account for that.\nEqually, if you need to stop at some traffic lights, shift into an easier gear so that you can set off more easily when the lights turn green.\nOne big no-no is that you shouldn\u2019t shift when you\u2019re at a standstill with an external drivetrain. Always ensure that you are pedalling to perform smooth shifts and shift gradually across the range of gears to find the right one.\nAnother thing to avoid is cross-chaining. If you have multiple chainrings, then it\u2019s best to avoid being in a small-small or large-large sprocket-chainring combination.\nThe extreme angles this puts the chain at can result in increased wear and high loads on the drivetrain.\nConversely, hub gears or gear boxes can usually be shifted when at a standstill. In fact, they\u2019re often quite sensitive to shifting under load, so it helps to \u2018unload\u2019 your cranks slightly when shifting.\nHow to clean your drivetrain\n\n Don\u2019t let your chain get this dirty, it will just wear out your other drivetrain components. Colin Levitch \/ Immediate Media\nThe key to keeping your gears running nicely is to ensure you keep them clean and well maintained. In fact, keeping things clean in general helps you keep on top of maintenance and lets you identify any potential issues before they become more serious.\nAs discussed previously, hub gears tend to be lower maintenance, though you may still have to adjust cable tension because it still stretches gradually over time.\nGeneral maintenance like this works wonders in the long run because a well adjusted and maintained bike is kinder on your components overall.\nWe\u2019ve put together a guide on how to adjust the gears on your bike.\nIt\u2019s also important to look after your chain, cleaning and lubing it regularly.\n\n \nRelated reading\nHow to clean and lube your bike\u2019s drivechain\nHow to clean your bike in 7 simple steps\nBest bike cleaning products: what to buy and how to keep your bike clean\n\n\n \n \u00a0\nFinally, we would recommend checking your chain for wear regularly with a cheap tool. Replacing your chain is much cheaper than replacing other worn out components on your bike.\n\n It\u2019s easy to check your chain for wear and there are lots of tools available. David Rome \/ Immediate Media\nWe\u2019ve already got a full explainer on how to check your chain for wear and when to consider replacing it.\nConsider getting a tool that indicates the amount of wear on your chain and whether it\u2019s worth replacing or not.\nEquipped with this knowledge, get out there and start using your gears. You\u2019ll be flying up the hills in no time at all!","image":"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/images.immediate.co.uk\/production\/volatile\/sites\/21\/2020\/03\/20200214_SB_5DSR_MG_0702-7bb4f26-scaled.jpg?quality=45&resize=768,574","width":768,"height":574,"headline":"The complete guide to bike gears Bicycle transmissions explained","author":["@type":"Person","name":"Benedict Pfender"],"publisher":"@type":"Organization","name":"BikeRadar","url":"https:\/\/www.bikeradar.com","logo":"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/images.immediate.co.uk\/production\/volatile\/sites\/21\/2019\/03\/cropped-White-Orange-da60b0b-04d8ff9.png?quality=90&resize=265,53","width":182,"height":60,"speakable":"@type":"SpeakableSpecification","xpath":["\/html\/head\/title","\/html\/head\/meta[@name='description']\/@content"],"url":"https:\/\/www.bikeradar.com\/advice\/buyers-guides\/bike-gears\/","datePublished":"2020-04-24T17:40:00+00:00","dateModified":"2022-10-17T15:36:22+00:00"}] The complete guide to bike gears Bicycle transmissions explained A complete beginner's guide to gears and how to use them 2ff7e9595c
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